Custom Electronic Universal Testing Machines Manufacturers

What are the core components of electronic universal testing machines?

Electronic universal testing machines are highly integrated testing equipment widely used to test the mechanical properties of materials. Their core components include load cells, drive systems, control systems, data acquisition systems, and test fixtures.

Load cells: Load cells are key components of electronic universal testing machines, responsible for real-time measurement of the force applied to the test material. They are typically strain gauge sensors, which convert physical deformation into electrical signals. The choice of load cell depends on its measurement range, accuracy, sensitivity, and the characteristics of the test material. Common sensors include force sensors (load cells) and torque sensors.

Drive system: Drive systems typically consist of a motor, ball screw, and linear drive mechanism. Their primary function is to generate smooth, adjustable load displacement through the motor, driving the loading platform or specimen fixture. Electronic universal testing machines typically use servo motors or stepper motors to control motion speed, enabling the testing machine to perform various tests such as tension, compression, and bending under precise control.

Control System: The control system typically consists of a computer and an embedded controller. The controller receives data from the load cells and displacement sensors and controls the motor's operating state. The core function of the control system is to precisely regulate the test process according to set parameters (such as tensile speed and force build-up rate). Modern electronic universal testing machines are typically equipped with advanced control software that supports a variety of custom test modes, such as constant-rate tensile testing, constant-stress testing, and cyclic loading.

Data Acquisition System: The data acquisition system collects signals from the load cells and displacement sensors and converts them into analyzable data. The data acquisition system must possess high-precision signal acquisition and real-time processing capabilities to ensure the accuracy of test results. The system can also connect to an external computer to display test data in real time and generate test reports.

Test Fixture: The test fixture is a device used to secure the test material or sample, preventing it from slipping or breaking during testing and ensuring the accuracy of test data. The fixture design needs to be optimized based on the specific material and test type being tested. Common fixtures include tension fixtures, compression fixtures, and bending fixtures.

The coordinated operation of each component ensures that electronic universal testing machines can perform accurate and reliable tests under various operating conditions. When designing and selecting the appropriate testing machine model, it is crucial to consider the compatibility and accuracy requirements of these components.

How ​​to Select a Load Cell for Electronic Universal Testing Machines?

Load cells are crucial components of electronic universal testing machines. They measure the forces applied to the material and convert these physical quantities into electrical signals for processing by the control system and data analysis system. When selecting a suitable load cell, multiple factors must be considered to ensure test accuracy and reliability. For companies like Zhejiang Yiyu Instrument Equipment Co., Ltd., which specializes in the development and manufacture of mechanical testing equipment, selecting the right load cell is crucial to ensuring the performance of the testing equipment.

Measuring Range: The measuring range of a load cell is one of the most important parameters when selecting it. The maximum load capacity of the sensor should be determined based on the material being tested and the expected force. For example, for tensile testing of high-strength metals, the sensor's measuring range needs to accommodate larger loads; for soft materials like films and rubber, a smaller measuring range is recommended. Zhejiang Yiyu Instrument Equipment Co., Ltd.'s electronic universal testing machines typically offer multiple load cell options to meet diverse customer needs for material mechanical testing.

Accuracy and Sensitivity: The accuracy of a load cell directly impacts the accuracy of test results. Zhejiang Yiyu Instrument Equipment Co., Ltd. pays particular attention to the accuracy and sensitivity of its load cells during R&D and production, employing advanced technologies to ensure the precision of each load cell. For example, Zhejiang Yiyu Instrument Equipment Co., Ltd.'s load cells undergo rigorous calibration, enabling them to respond to minute force changes and accurately record force values ​​during loading. Furthermore, highly sensitive load cells are particularly important when testing flexible materials or thin films, effectively capturing subtle mechanical changes.

Temperature and Environmental Compatibility: In some specialized testing environments, load cells require strong environmental adaptability, especially when testing at high or low temperatures, ensuring stable measurement performance. Zhejiang Yiyu Instrument Equipment Co., Ltd.'s load cells are made of high-temperature and corrosion-resistant materials, ensuring excellent performance under diverse environmental conditions. Especially in fatigue testing of composite or metallic materials, high environmental adaptability is crucial to ensure sensor accuracy under complex operating conditions.

Compatibility and Calibration: Compatibility of load sensors with the testing machine control system is crucial. Zhejiang Yiyu Instrument Equipment Co., Ltd.'s electronic universal testing machines and load sensors are designed with full system compatibility in mind, enabling seamless integration with various control systems and data acquisition systems, ensuring accurate and stable data acquisition. Furthermore, all sensors undergo rigorous calibration procedures to ensure long-term stability and high accuracy.

Durability and Stability: The durability and long-term stability of load sensors are crucial factors to consider when selecting them. Zhejiang Yiyu Instrument Equipment Co., Ltd. strictly controls the materials and processes used in the production of load sensors to ensure durability and long-term stability. High-quality sensors maintain high accuracy under frequent testing and long-term operation, and can adapt to various mechanical testing requirements.

Leveraging its strengths in technology research and development, equipment manufacturing, and after-sales service, Zhejiang Yiyu Instrument Equipment Co., Ltd. offers a wide range of high-quality load sensor options, helping customers select the sensor that best suits their specific needs. By choosing the right load cell, customers can ensure accurate and reliable test results when conducting mechanical property tests on metals, non-metals, and composite materials.

How ​​to Use Electronic Universal Testing Machines for Stress-Strain Testing of Materials?

Stress-strain testing is one of the fundamental applications of electronic universal testing machines. It helps engineers and researchers understand the mechanical properties of materials, such as elastic modulus, yield strength, tensile strength, and elongation.

Specimen Preparation: Before conducting stress-strain testing, a specimen that meets specifications must be prepared. The specimen size and shape should be selected based on the relevant standards or test requirements. For example, tensile specimens for metals typically have a standard circular or rectangular cross-section. Standardized material testing is typically based on international standards such as ISO and ASTM. Ensuring that the specimen dimensions meet the test requirements is crucial for obtaining accurate results.

Specimen Installation: The specimen is mounted in the fixture of the electronic universal testing machine. The choice and installation of the fixture are crucial. Ensure that the specimen is securely fixed to the equipment during testing to prevent slippage or loosening due to improper fixtures. The fixture should also be adaptable to different materials and testing methods, such as tension, compression, or bending.

Setting Test Parameters: Before starting a test, you need to set the testing machine parameters, including the test speed (tension or compression rate), loading method, test mode (e.g., constant-rate tension or constant-strain-rate testing), and data acquisition frequency. The testing machine's control system typically provides preset modes and automated features, allowing users to select the appropriate configuration based on their testing needs.

Data Acquisition and Analysis: After the test begins, electronic universal testing machines record the force applied to the specimen and the specimen's displacement in real time. The data collected by the control system allows for real-time calculation of stress (force/original cross-sectional area) and strain (displacement/original length). The stress-strain curve is a core component of material mechanical properties, demonstrating the material's response to loading. The shape of the curve can be used to derive key data such as the material's elastic range, yield strength, ultimate strength, and fracture point.

Result Interpretation: By analyzing the test data, users can determine the material's key mechanical properties. For example, the initial straight line portion of the curve represents the material's elastic phase, and its slope is the material's elastic modulus. The yield point marks the transition from elastic deformation to plastic deformation. The ultimate strength is the maximum stress a material can withstand. The fracture point indicates the location where the material breaks.

Stress-strain testing not only assesses a material's basic mechanical properties but also allows for studying its performance under various environments through varying loading methods and testing conditions. This data has important applications in material selection, product design, and quality control.