Custom Tensile Testing Machine Manufacturers

What is the basic working principle of a tensile testing machine?

What is a tensile test?
Tensile testing is one of the basic methods for evaluating the mechanical properties of materials under unidirectional tensile loads. By applying tensile force, the entire process from the elastic stage to plastic deformation and finally to fracture is measured, and key indicators such as yield strength, tensile strength, elongation, and elastic modulus are obtained. The test results are not only widely used in quality control, product design, and standard verification, but are also an indispensable basis for material research and development.
Basic structural composition of a tensile testing machine
A standard tensile testing machine usually consists of the following main parts:
Main frame (loading system): including fixed beams, moving beams, columns and other components, used to carry and transmit test forces.
Drive device: divided into electronic servo motor drive and hydraulic drive according to the machine model, controlling the lifting and lowering of the moving beam to realize the force application process.
Sensor system:
Force sensor (Load Cell): accurately measures the tensile force applied to the specimen during the test;
Displacement sensor: records the change in the distance between the chucks, that is, the elongation of the specimen.
Control system: It is composed of PLC, driver and host computer control software to realize full process control, data collection and result analysis.
Sample fixture: Different shapes and structures of fixtures are configured according to different material characteristics to ensure stable and reliable sample clamping.
Detailed explanation of the working principle of the tensile testing machine
1. Loading principle
The tensile testing machine mainly drives the screw mechanism through the servo motor to move the moving beam up or down, thereby applying tension to the sample clamped at both ends. This process is a closed-loop control system. The system continuously compares the set value with the feedback value and dynamically adjusts the drive instruction to achieve precise loading.
In the electronic universal testing machine produced by Zhejiang Yiyu Instrument Equipment Co., Ltd., imported servo drive system and high-precision ball screw are used, which have the advantages of low noise, high response and no impact, and can effectively ensure the linearity and stability of the loading process.
2. Data acquisition and processing
During the loading process, the force sensor detects the change of tension in real time, and the displacement sensor records the elongation synchronously. These data are input into the control software system through a high-sampling rate data acquisition card. After calculation, the stress-strain curve is automatically drawn, and the test results are output according to the standard selected by the user (such as GB, ISO, ASTM, etc.).
The operating software independently developed by Yiyu Instrument supports multi-language switching, multi-material database management, and multiple test standards built-in. Users can generate a test report with pictures and texts with one click, which greatly improves the efficiency of laboratory work.
3. Fracture judgment and protection mechanism
When the specimen breaks or reaches the set maximum load, the system will automatically judge the "fracture point", stop loading, and record the end point data. At the same time, the system has multiple safety mechanisms such as overload protection, displacement limit protection, and motor temperature rise alarm to ensure stable operation of the equipment.
Application fields and product advantages
Tensile testing machines are widely used in metal materials, plastics, rubber, composite materials, fibers, films, medical materials and other industries. In high-tech fields such as aerospace, automobile manufacturing, civil engineering, and biomedicine, its role is particularly critical.
As a backbone enterprise of domestic material testing equipment, Zhejiang Yiyu Instrument Equipment Co., Ltd. is located in Lianxing Village, Dongguan Street, Shangyu District, Shaoxing City, Zhejiang Province, with a superior geographical location and convenient logistics. The company has independent core technology and independent research and development capabilities, and has successively obtained ISO certification, national high-tech enterprises, utility model and invention patents and many other honorary qualifications.
In terms of service, the company has established a complete pre-sales consultation, on-site installation, operation training, remote technical support and regular return maintenance system to truly realize the full life cycle guarantee from equipment delivery to use. At present, Yiyu Instruments' products have served tens of thousands of equipment users at home and abroad, and have been widely recognized by new and old customers.

How to calibrate the force and displacement sensors of tensile testing machines

Why calibrate force and displacement sensors?
After long-term use, the sensor is easily affected by the following factors:
Zero drift caused by temperature changes
Strain gauge fatigue caused by long-term loading
Electromagnetic interference in the use environment
Offset caused by aging of mechanical structure
If not calibrated in time, it will lead to data deviations such as material yield strength, ultimate strength, and elongation, which will seriously affect the scientific research conclusions and even the judgment of industrial product quality control. Therefore, calibration is not only a requirement of the specification, but also a reflection of industry trust.
Calibration method of force sensor
1. Calibration equipment:
To calibrate force sensors, it is usually necessary to use standard force sensors (standard dynamometers) or force calibration devices that are certified by the national metrology. Some high-precision tensile machine models independently developed by Zhejiang Yiyu Instrument Equipment Co., Ltd. have integrated integrated calibration ports for quick access to the standard calibration system.
2. Calibration steps:
Preheating equipment: Ensure that the test machine is powered on for more than 30 minutes and the sensor reaches a stable state.
Load calibration: Connect the standard force sensor in series between the main machine and the test fixture, and apply segmented force values ​​(such as 5%, 10%,..., 100% full scale) in sequence through electric loading.
Record data: Record the standard sensor reading and the display reading in the system at each loading stage, and perform difference analysis.
Correction coefficient input: Adjust the proportional coefficient (Gain) and offset (Offset) parameters in the control system according to the error curve.
Return check: Repeat the unloading process to perform return check to ensure that the accuracy of the equipment is consistent within the full range.
3. Calibration cycle recommendation:
Yiyu Instruments recommends that users perform a comprehensive force calibration every 6-12 months. High-frequency use or scientific research units can shorten the cycle as appropriate.
Displacement sensor calibration method
1. Calibration principle:
Displacement sensors usually use photoelectric encoders, magnetostrictive linear displacement meters or grating rulers. The calibration principle is to compare the actual displacement with the equipment reading to correct the system error.
2. Commonly used calibration tools:
Precision micrometer (error less than 1μm)
Laser interferometer (high-precision occasions)
Length standard rod or standard block
3. Calibration process:
Move the moving beam or moving part of the tensile testing machine in sections without loading, such as setting positions of 0 mm, 5 mm, 10 mm, 50 mm, etc.;
Use a laser interferometer or micrometer to measure the actual moving distance;
Compare the displayed reading with the actual displacement value to confirm the linear error and nonlinear error;
Enter the correction table or adjust the linear parameters in the control system for real-time compensation.
4. Calibration environment precautions:
Avoid vibration interference
The ambient temperature is maintained at 20℃ ±2℃
The light source is stable to avoid strong light interfering with the laser equipment

What are the common faults of the tensile testing machine? How to troubleshoot and maintain

Abnormal force display
Common phenomena:
Force value does not return to zero or drifts
Load is applied but the display value remains unchanged
Reading fluctuates violently or jumps
Troubleshooting and maintenance:
Check the force sensor connection cable: loose plug, poor contact or cable damage are common reasons.
Sensor body problem: Long-term overload or impact may cause strain gauge damage and need to be replaced.
Check the amplifier circuit module: Aging of the analog circuit and power supply fluctuations may cause abnormal force output.
Software zeroing operation: Ensure that the zeroing steps are completed correctly before the test to avoid mechanical preload status.
Recommended periodic calibration: Yiyu Instrument recommends professional calibration once a year to ensure measurement accuracy.
Displacement display error or beam does not move
Common phenomena:
Displacement reading remains unchanged or inaccurate
Beam does not rise or fall, and the button does not respond
Troubleshooting and maintenance:
Check the status of the displacement sensor: If the encoder is damaged, detached or interfered, it will cause abnormal displacement.
Drive controller failure: The drive board or servo motor module is abnormal, and the communication status needs to be checked or the components need to be replaced.
Limit switch action: When the safety limit device is triggered, the device automatically stops moving and needs to be reset manually.
System software missetting: Check whether the setting parameters such as displacement speed and load limit exceed the allowable value of the device.
Lubricate and check the lead screw: Lead screw jamming or lack of oil can also cause operation obstruction, and regular maintenance is very important.
Equipment startup failure or software cannot connect
Common phenomena:
The power switch does not respond
The software and device cannot communicate
The operation interface is stuck or cannot enter the test interface
Troubleshooting and maintenance:
Check the power module: Confirm that the power input is normal and whether the fuse is blown.
Data cable connection check: Especially the USB/serial port/network port connection is loose or damaged.
Control motherboard status: The hardware motherboard or controller cannot complete signal recognition after burning out.
Reinstall software driver: Due to system updates or antivirus software, the driver may need to be reinstalled.
Yiyu remote support: Users can remotely connect to engineers through the "Yiyu Cloud Service" platform for online diagnosis and technical support.
Test data is abnormal or cannot be saved
Common phenomena:
Curves are not displayed or data is lost
Report export failed
Software automatically closes during the test
Troubleshooting and maintenance:
Check the acquisition frequency setting: Too high may cause excessive system load, it is recommended to set it reasonably according to the material type.
Storage directory permissions: Ensure that the software storage path has read and write permissions to avoid the system security mechanism blocking writing.
Antivirus false kill: Some protection software may interfere with the normal operation of the test software, it is recommended to set it to a whitelist.
Software version is too old: Yiyu Instruments regularly releases update patches, it is recommended to use the latest version to maintain system stability.
Abnormal fixture or sample slipping
Common phenomena:
The sample is not clamped stably or slides during loading
The fixture is stuck or cannot be opened and closed
Troubleshooting and maintenance:
Check the cleanliness of the fixture: Material residue and oil stains will reduce the friction coefficient and insufficient clamping force.
Replace special clamps: Different materials (such as steel, plastic, composite materials) require corresponding fixtures.
Check the cylinder or manual clamping mechanism: Some clamps use pneumatic control, so check the air source and sealing.
Regular lubrication and inspection: The moving parts of the clamp need to be regularly filled with grease to prevent jamming.